Botswana's Central Government Debt (% of GDP), 1990-2022

Botswana’s debt-to-GDP ratio remained relatively low but exhibited notable shifts. Starting at 14.4% in 1990, the ratio decreased to 6.12% in 2007, reflecting strong diamond revenues and prudent fiscal policies.

The 2009 global financial crisis led to a sharp rise, with the ratio peaking at 21.89% in 2010 due to economic stimulus measures. Despite fluctuations, the ratio stabilized around 20.35% in 2022, as Botswana balanced development needs with fiscal discipline.