Brunei's Central Government Debt (% of GDP), 2001-2022

Brunei maintained one of the world's lowest debt-to-GDP ratios between 2001 and 2022, consistently below 3%. The ratio peaked at 2.63% in 2001 but declined to a mere 0.29% in 2005, reflecting robust oil revenues and a disciplined fiscal policy.

Post-2008, the ratio fluctuated modestly, reaching 3.23% in 2014 during periods of falling oil prices, which impacted government revenues. By 2022, the debt ratio had reduced to 2.06%, emphasizing Brunei's continued commitment to fiscal stability.