Urbanization Growth in India from 1990 to 2023

India’s urbanization trends from 1990 to 2023 showcase a gradual but consistent growth in the urban population, driven by industrialization, economic reforms, and urban infrastructure investments. In 1990, approximately 25.5% of India’s population lived in urban areas. Economic liberalization in 1991 sparked urban expansion, with key industries and service sectors growing and drawing rural populations to cities. Urbanization reached around 30% by 2007, as cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore became industrial and technological hubs. Between 2010 and 2020, urbanization climbed steadily, partly due to government initiatives like the Smart Cities Mission and increased rural-to-urban migration. By 2020, urbanization had reached 34.9%, and by 2023 it stood at 36.4%. This gradual urban growth reflects India's transformation through economic opportunities in urban areas and policies aimed at improving urban infrastructure, showing a clear shift towards urbanized economic growth.