Net ODA Received in Indonesia (1990-2022): Yearly Data Overview

Indonesia’s Net ODA (% of GNI) showed significant variability, peaking at 1.6% in the early 1990s, reflecting post-Suharto reform needs and economic stabilization efforts. Another spike occurred during the Asian financial crisis in 1998-1999, reaching 1.6% again, as international donors provided critical support to mitigate economic collapse.

From the mid-2000s, ODA contributions sharply declined to near-zero levels, underscoring Indonesia's rapid economic growth and reduced reliance on foreign aid. The slight negative value in 2019 and negligible levels in recent years highlight Indonesia’s evolution into a donor partner in the region rather than an aid recipient.