Vietnam's Overall Balance (% of GDP): Net Lending/Borrowing Trends and Forecasts (1990-2029)

Vietnam’s fiscal performance reflects its rapid economic development and external pressures. The 2000s saw moderate deficits, averaging -1.6%, but the 2009 global financial crisis widened the deficit to -4.8%. Subsequent recovery efforts stabilized the deficit around -1% by 2019.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a temporary rise to -2.9% in 2020. Projections for 2029 suggest stabilization at -2.5%, reflecting steady growth and fiscal discipline as Vietnam continues its development trajectory.