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Germany's Overall Balance (% of GDP): Net Lending/Borrowing Trends and Forecasts (1991-2029)

Germany's Overall Balance (% of GDP): Net Lending/Borrowing Trends and Forecasts (1991-2029)

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TGM StatBox. (2024). Germany's Overall Balance (% of GDP): Net Lending/Borrowing Trends and Forecasts (1991-2029). TGM StatBox.
Chart Details
Data Source: International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Timeframe: 1990-2023
Country: Germany
Published date: 2024
Note: Net lending/borrowing, also referred to as the overall balance, is a measure of a country's fiscal position, expressed as a percentage of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), it indicates the difference between government revenues and expenditures, including any borrowing or lending to other sectors.
Key Takeaways
Germany’s fiscal history underscores strong economic fundamentals and crisis resilience. The early 1990s saw deficits from reunification costs, peaking at -9.4% in 1995. Recovery efforts and fiscal reforms brought surpluses by 2012, supported by robust exports and prudent fiscal policies.

The pandemic reversed this trend, with deficits reaching -4.3% in 2020. However, forecasts for 2029 suggest a near-balanced budget (-0.5%), reflecting Germany's commitment to fiscal discipline amid global uncertainties.

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