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Net lending/borrowing, also referred to as the overall balance, is a measure of a country's fiscal position, expressed as a percentage of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), it indicates the difference between government revenues and expenditures, including any borrowing or lending to other sectors.
Key Takeaways
Rwanda's fiscal trends reflect a challenging post-conflict recovery and subsequent economic progress. The 1990s saw deep deficits, peaking at -9.5% in 1994 during the genocide. Economic stabilization and donor support brought significant improvement, with occasional surpluses in the 2000s, such as 2.3% in 2004.
However, the pandemic reversed gains, widening the deficit to -9.5% in 2020. Projections suggest narrowing deficits to -2.4% by 2029, supported by continued economic growth and improved revenue mobilization.
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