Japan's Total Population from 1990 to 2023

Population Growth Trends in Japan (1990-2023)
Japan’s population trends reflect a peak in the early 2000s, rising from approximately 123 million in 1990 to a peak of 128 million by 2010, followed by a gradual decline to around 124 million in 2023. The growth in the 1990s and early 2000s was driven by relatively stable birth rates and an aging population. However, from 2010 onwards, Japan has faced one of the world's most severe demographic challenges: a declining birth rate combined with one of the longest life expectancies globally. Efforts to counter the trend, including incentives for childbirth and immigration policies, have been implemented but with limited impact. The population decline poses significant economic challenges, with a shrinking workforce and increased social security costs for an aging population.